The short answer:
St. Gemma of Lucca was an Italian saint, born in 1878. She experienced visions of God and received the stigmata, a distinctly Catholic miracle. She reposed in 1903; was beatified on May 14, 1933 by Pius XI; and was canonized by Pious XII on May 2, 1940.
What illness did St. Gemma Galgani have?
St. Gemma seems to have had a variety of health problems throughout her life. As a child, she was generally of ill health. At age 16, she developed spinal meningitis. She prayed to the sacred heart of Jesus for recovery from her illness, asking for the intercession of Gabriel Possenti the Passionist. The Passionists were a clerical order of Catholic priests devoted to the Passion of Jesus (“The Passion” is an older way of talking about Christ’s crucifixion). She was miraculously cured of the disease and attributed her recovery to these intercessory prayers.
Like her mother and oldest brother, she eventually contracted tuberculosis. She died from it on Holy Saturday, April 11th, 1903, at the age of 25.
What miracles did Saint Gemma Galgani perform?

A photograph of St. Gemma Galgani.
The miracles with which she is most commonly associated, however, are her ecstatic visions and the stigmata, which is the miraculous appearance of wounds in one’s palms. Catholics see this miracle as a gift from God: the person who receives the stigmata is mystically participating in Christ’s crucifixion by sharing in the same wounds he suffered when his hands were nailed to the cross.
St. Gemma began to experience the stigmata at the age of 21. Every Thursday evening, she would fall into a state of rapture and the wounds would appear in her palms, where they remained for a day or more. At that point, the bleeding would stop and the wounds would close.
Her confessor, Germanus Ruoppolo, advised her to pray that these signs would cease because of her declining health. She obeyed and the phenomenon ceased to occur, but the scars on her palms remained the rest of her life.
She was often found in a state of ecstasy, which is a kind of religious trance in which one experiences euphoria and sees visions. During these ecstatic visions, St. Gemma saw and spoke with Jesus; her guardian angel; the Virgin Mary; and other saints. She was even found levitating during one of these ecstasies.
What is St Gemma Galgani patron saint of?
She considered a patron saint against temptations, the deaths of parents, and tuberculosis, and is the patron of students and pharmacists. Her feast day is the date of her death, April 11th.
Why is St. Gemma Galgani important?

A contemporary illustration of St. Gemma Galgani.
Saint Gemma, like many saints, can also be a general role model for those devoted to a life in Christ above all else. She rejected worldly concerns and desires in favor of a single-minded focus on Jesus, rejecting two marriage proposals and living a life of celibacy.
While celibacy is a common feature of monasticism across the majority of Christian denominations, I think it’s important for laypeople to remember that it is not the only way to live a pious Christian life. It has always been acknowledged that the vocation of marriage and family life is a beautiful and pious path for a Christian, with its own share of hardships and sacrifices that humble those involved and increase them in holiness. Equally, it has always been understood that some people have a special calling to prayer and fasting through celibacy. But this calling doesn’t make them any more Christian than those who don’t follow this path—family life can also be dedicated to God.

The Sanctuary of St. Gemma in Lucca, Italy.
Finally, I want to note that opinions on St. Gemma’s miracles are somewhat divided. Most Catholics view the stigmata as a beautiful gift from God, but the stigmata phenomenon was really only experienced among Roman Catholics after a certain period in history. It is not, for example, something that occurs in the same sense among Eastern Orthodox Christians. It’s also worth considering that St. Gemma’s physician, Pietro Pfanner, examined her wounds and concluded that they were self-inflicted. Does that mean they were? Not necessarily—but the point is that how you’re predisposed to view something like the stigmata depends on your understanding of Christian mysticism, which varies by tradition.
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